Grammar 5 | Intermediate | CEFR B2

Projected Speech

Listen to a conversation talking about projected speech.

Conversation #1
Man: So, I heard that you are having a party?
Woman: Yeah, it will be next week.
Man: So, I assume that all are invited?
Woman: Yes, that would be correct. All are welcome.
Man: Okay, great. And I presume that I should bring a date ?
Woman: No need. You can come alone.
Man:  What a relief!

Conversation #2
Woman: How do you think sales will be this year?
Man: Good. I think they will be better than last year.
Woman: I hope they are.
Man: Yeah, last year was terrible.
Woman: It was.
Man: Well, I'm sure we'll do better this year.

Conversation #3
Man:I saw that you had a meeting with Jason.
Woman: Yes, he wanted to discuss the budget.
Man: Yeah? What did he say about it ?
Woman: He expressed that we are spending too much.
Man: Well, I hope he does not cut the budget.
Woman: I doubt he will do that.

 

Projected Speech

Point 1: There are many verbs in English that often have a noun clause as the object.
  1. I believe what you are saying.
  2. I know what you mean.
  3. We assume that he is coming to the party.
  4. They denied that they did anything wrong.
Point 2: Many of these noun clauses start with the word that, which is often omitted in spoken English.
  1. I think that he is not coming to work today.
  2. I hope that you are right.
  3. She said that it was a mistake.
  4. He revealed that he was quitting.
Point 3: Many of the verbs in projected speech refer to thoughts and use verbs associated with thinking.
  1. We concluded that it was a mistake.
  2. He realized that he was wrong.
  3. I imagine that you must be tired.
  4. I think that we should start over.
Point 4: Many of the verbs in projected speech refer to speech and use verbs associated with speaking.
  1. She said that she was sorry.
  2. He mentioned that you have a new job.
  3. He complained that the computers are slow.
  4. She claimed that he was lying.
Point 5: Many of the verbs in projected speech refer to feelings and use verbs associated with opinions.
  1. She regrets that she said that.
  2. I feel that she is making a mistake.
  3. I like that you are always honest.
  4. We hate what he is all about.
  5. I disagree with what you saying.
Answer the following questions about the interview.