Modals of Obligation

Learn how to use modals of obligation in English.
Sound Grammar

Modals of Obligation

Watch four conversations using this grammar point on elllo.org.

Can you answer these grammar questions correctly?

Need to / Have to / Must

Need to – shows an action is important and necessary.

  1. What do we need to bring?
    ✅ You need to have a swimsuit.
    ❌ You don’t need to wear a cap.
  2. Do we need to show ID?
    ✅ Yes, you do.
    ❌ No, you don’t.

Have to – shows an action is important and necessary.

  1. What do you have to do?
    ✅ I have to clean my room.
    ❌ I don’t have to finish today.
  2. Do you have to go?
    ✅ Yes, I have to. / Yes, I do.
    ❌ No, I don’t (have to).

Not have to – shows an action is not necessary.

  1. You don’t have to come.
  2. You don’t have to read that.
  3. You don’t have to help.

Must – shows an action is important and necessary.

  • What must we do?
  • ✅ You must try harder.
  • ❌ You mustn’t do that again.

Must not – shows an action is forbidden or should not be done.

  1. You mustn’t be late.
  2. You mustn’t say that!
  3. You mustn’t trust him!